Does anemia cause falsely elevated A1C?

Yes, certain types of anemia can cause falsely elevated A1C levels. This is because the A1C test measures the percentage of hemoglobin that is glycated (coated with sugar). Conditions that affect red blood cells or hemoglobin, such as severe anemia, can alter the results of the A1C test.

• Iron-deficiency anemia: May lead to falsely high A1C levels.
• Hemolytic anemia: Can cause falsely low A1C levels due to shorter red blood cell lifespan.
• Sickle cell anemia or thalassemia: These conditions can also affect A1C accuracy.

If you have anemia or a blood disorder, inform your healthcare provider. They may recommend alternative tests, such as a fasting blood glucose test or an oral glucose tolerance test, to accurately assess your blood sugar levels.