what is glycohemoglobin a1c

Glycohemoglobin A1C, also known as HbA1c or simply A1C, is a blood test that measures the average blood sugar (glucose) levels over the past 2 to 3 months. It is a key tool for diagnosing and managing diabetes and prediabetes.

How Does It Work?

• Glucose in the bloodstream attaches to hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells.
• The A1C test measures the percentage of hemoglobin that is coated with glucose.
• Since red blood cells regenerate every 3 months, the test reflects your average blood sugar levels over that period.

A1C Ranges:

A1C Level (%) Diagnosis

Below 5.7 Normal
5.7 - 6.4 Prediabetes
6.5 or higher Diabetes

Why Is It Important?

• It helps diagnose prediabetes and diabetes.
• It monitors how well your diabetes treatment plan is working.
• It provides a long-term view of blood sugar control, unlike daily glucose tests.

For more details, consult your healthcare provider or visit trusted sources like the CDC.