what is the meaning of a1c

The A1C test, also known as the hemoglobin A1C or HbA1c test, is a blood test that measures your average blood sugar levels over the past 2 to 3 months. It is commonly used to diagnose prediabetes and diabetes, as well as to monitor how well you are managing your condition if you have diabetes.

• How it works: The test measures the percentage of your red blood cells that have sugar-coated hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. When sugar enters your bloodstream, it attaches to hemoglobin. The more sugar in your blood, the higher the percentage of sugar-coated hemoglobin.

• A1C ranges:

  • Normal: Below 5.7%
  • Prediabetes: 5.7% to 6.4%
  • Diabetes: 6.5% or above

• Why it's important: The A1C test provides a long-term view of your blood sugar levels, unlike daily blood sugar checks, which only show your levels at a single point in time.