how does the a1c test work

The A1C test, also known as the hemoglobin A1C or HbA1c test, measures your average blood sugar levels over the past 2 to 3 months. Here's how it works:

• Hemoglobin and Glucose Binding: When sugar enters your bloodstream, it attaches to hemoglobin, a protein in your red blood cells. The more sugar in your blood, the more sugar-coated hemoglobin you have.
• Measurement: The A1C test measures the percentage of your red blood cells that have sugar-coated hemoglobin.
• Time Frame: Since red blood cells regenerate roughly every 3 months, the A1C test reflects your blood sugar levels over that period.

This test is commonly used to diagnose prediabetes and diabetes, as well as to monitor how well your diabetes treatment is working. It provides a more comprehensive picture of blood sugar control compared to daily blood sugar checks, which only offer a snapshot of your levels at a single point in time.