what does a1c measure in a blood test

The A1C test, also known as the hemoglobin A1C or HbA1c test, measures your average blood sugar levels over the past 2 to 3 months. Here's how it works:

• Hemoglobin: A protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen.
• Glucose Attachment: When sugar enters your bloodstream, it attaches to hemoglobin.
• Measurement: The A1C test calculates the percentage of red blood cells that have glucose-coated hemoglobin.

This test is used to:

• Diagnose prediabetes and diabetes.
• Monitor how well your diabetes is being managed.

A1C Ranges:

A1C Level Diagnosis

Below 5.7% Normal 5.7% to 6.4% Prediabetes 6.5% or above Diabetes

For most people with diabetes, the goal is to maintain an A1C level of 7% or less to reduce the risk of complications.