what does hgb a1c mean in a blood test

The Hgb A1C (also known as HbA1c or A1C) test is a blood test that measures your average blood sugar (glucose) levels over the past 2 to 3 months. It is commonly used to diagnose prediabetes and diabetes, as well as to monitor how well your diabetes is being managed.

How It Works:

• Glucose in your blood attaches to hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells.
• The A1C test measures the percentage of hemoglobin that is coated with sugar (glycated hemoglobin).
• Since red blood cells regenerate every 3 months, the test reflects your average blood sugar levels over that period.

A1C Ranges:

• Normal: Below 5.7%
• Prediabetes: 5.7% to 6.4%
• Diabetes: 6.5% or above

This test is a key tool in diabetes management and helps healthcare providers assess your risk for diabetes-related complications.