how is the a1c determined

The A1C test, also known as the hemoglobin A1C or HbA1c test, measures your average blood sugar levels over the past 2 to 3 months. Here’s how it works:

• Process: When sugar enters your bloodstream, it attaches to hemoglobin, a protein in your red blood cells. The A1C test measures the percentage of your red blood cells that have sugar-coated hemoglobin.
• Timeframe: Since red blood cells regenerate roughly every 3 months, the A1C test reflects your blood sugar levels over that period.
• Measurement: The result is given as a percentage. Higher percentages indicate higher average blood sugar levels.

A1C Ranges:

A1C % Diagnosis

Below 5.7% Normal
5.7% - 6.4% Prediabetes
6.5% or above Diabetes

This test is commonly used to diagnose prediabetes and diabetes, as well as to monitor how well your diabetes is being managed over time.