how is a1c calculated

The A1C test measures the percentage of your red blood cells that have sugar-coated hemoglobin. Here’s how it works:

• Hemoglobin and Glucose Binding: When glucose enters your bloodstream, it attaches to hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells.
• Measurement Over Time: Since red blood cells regenerate every 3 months, the A1C test reflects your average blood sugar levels over that period.
• Percentage Calculation: The test calculates the percentage of hemoglobin that is glycated (coated with sugar). For example, an A1C of 6% means that 6% of your hemoglobin is glycated.

This test is used to diagnose prediabetes, diabetes, and to monitor blood sugar control over time.