what is a diabetics a1c

The A1C test, also known as the hemoglobin A1C or HbA1c test, is a blood test that measures your average blood sugar levels over the past 2 to 3 months. It is commonly used to diagnose and monitor diabetes and prediabetes.

A1C Ranges:

• Normal: Below 5.7%
• Prediabetes: 5.7% to 6.4%
• Diabetes: 6.5% or above

For people with diabetes, the A1C test helps assess how well their blood sugar is being managed. The goal for most adults with diabetes is to maintain an A1C level below 7%, though individual targets may vary based on medical history and other factors.

How It Works:

The test measures the percentage of red blood cells that have glucose-coated hemoglobin. Since red blood cells regenerate every 3 months, the A1C reflects long-term blood sugar control.

Factors Affecting A1C Accuracy:

• Severe anemia
• Kidney or liver disease
• Certain blood disorders (e.g., sickle cell anemia)
• Medications (e.g., opioids, HIV drugs)
• Blood loss or transfusions

If you have diabetes, your doctor will likely recommend an A1C test at least twice a year to monitor your condition.