what is a hgb a1c

The Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) test, also known as the A1C test, is a blood test that measures your average blood sugar levels over the past 2 to 3 months. It is commonly used to diagnose prediabetes and diabetes, as well as to monitor how well you are managing your diabetes over time.

How Does It Work?

• The test measures the percentage of your red blood cells that have glucose (sugar) attached to hemoglobin, a protein in your blood.
• Since red blood cells regenerate every 3 months, the A1C test provides a long-term view of your blood sugar levels.

A1C Ranges:

A1C Level Diagnosis

Below 5.7% Normal
5.7%–6.4% Prediabetes
6.5% or higher Diabetes

Why Is It Important?

• It helps in diagnosing diabetes early.
• It provides a clear picture of how well your diabetes management plan is working.
• It can estimate your average blood sugar levels (e.g., an A1C of 7% corresponds to an average blood sugar of 154 mg/dL).

For more details, consult your healthcare provider or visit CDC's A1C Test Guide.