how is hba1c calculated

The HbA1c (Hemoglobin A1c) test measures the percentage of your red blood cells that have glucose-coated hemoglobin. Here's how it works:

• Process: When glucose enters your bloodstream, it attaches to hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells. The more glucose in your blood, the more hemoglobin gets coated with sugar.
• Time Frame: Since red blood cells regenerate roughly every 3 months, the HbA1c test reflects your average blood sugar levels over that period.
• Calculation: The test result is given as a percentage. For example, an HbA1c of 6% means that 6% of your hemoglobin is coated with glucose.

HbA1c Ranges:

HbA1c (%) Blood Sugar Status

Below 5.7 Normal
5.7–6.4 Prediabetes
6.5 or above Diabetes

This test is crucial for diagnosing and managing diabetes and prediabetes.