what is haemoglobin a1c

Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) is a blood test that measures your average blood sugar (glucose) levels over the past 2 to 3 months. It is commonly used to diagnose and monitor diabetes and prediabetes.

How It Works:

• Hemoglobin: A protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen.
• Glucose Attachment: When glucose enters your bloodstream, it attaches to hemoglobin. The more glucose in your blood, the more it attaches to hemoglobin.
• Measurement: The A1C test measures the percentage of hemoglobin that is coated with glucose.

A1C Ranges:

• Normal: Below 5.7%
• Prediabetes: 5.7% to 6.4%
• Diabetes: 6.5% or above

Why It's Important:

• Diagnosis: Helps diagnose prediabetes and diabetes.
• Monitoring: Tracks how well your diabetes is being managed over time.
• Goal: For most people with diabetes, the target A1C level is below 7%.

Factors Affecting Accuracy:

Certain conditions like anemia, kidney disease, or blood disorders can affect A1C results. Always consult your healthcare provider for accurate interpretation.