how does a1c relate to blood glucose

The A1C test measures your average blood glucose (blood sugar) levels over the past 2 to 3 months. Here's how it works:

• Hemoglobin and Glucose: When glucose enters your bloodstream, it attaches to hemoglobin, a protein in your red blood cells. The A1C test measures the percentage of your red blood cells that have glucose-coated hemoglobin.
• Time Frame: Since red blood cells regenerate every 3 months, the A1C test reflects your average blood glucose levels over that period.
• A1C vs. Daily Glucose Checks: While daily glucose checks provide a snapshot of your blood sugar at a specific moment, the A1C test gives a broader picture of your overall glucose control.

A1C and Estimated Average Glucose (eAG)

The A1C result can also be reported as an estimated average glucose (eAG), which correlates with your daily glucose readings. Here's a table showing the relationship:

A1C (%) eAG (mg/dL)

6 126
7 154
8 183
9 212
10 240

For most people with diabetes, the goal is to maintain an A1C level below 7%. However, your target may vary based on your health condition and doctor's recommendations.