what is glycohemoglobin a1c test

The Glycohemoglobin A1C test, also known as the HbA1c test, is a blood test that measures your average blood sugar levels over the past 2 to 3 months. It is commonly used to diagnose prediabetes and diabetes, as well as to monitor how well your diabetes is being managed.

How It Works:

• The test measures the percentage of your red blood cells that have sugar-coated hemoglobin.
• Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. When glucose (sugar) enters your bloodstream, it attaches to hemoglobin.
• The higher your blood sugar levels, the more glucose attaches to hemoglobin.
• Red blood cells regenerate every 3 months, which is why the A1C test reflects your average blood sugar levels over that period.

A1C Ranges:

• Normal: Below 5.7%
• Prediabetes: 5.7% to 6.4%
• Diabetes: 6.5% or above

Why It’s Important:

• It provides a long-term view of blood sugar control, unlike daily glucose tests that only show a snapshot.
• It helps healthcare providers adjust treatment plans for diabetes management.

For more details, consult your healthcare provider or visit trusted sources like the CDC.