what is hba1c test

The HbA1c test, also known as the A1C test or hemoglobin A1C test, is a blood test that measures your average blood sugar (glucose) levels over the past 2 to 3 months. It is commonly used to diagnose prediabetes and diabetes, as well as to monitor how well your diabetes is being managed.

How does it work?

• The test measures the percentage of hemoglobin (a protein in red blood cells) that is coated with sugar (glycated hemoglobin).
• Red blood cells regenerate every 3 months, so the test reflects your average blood sugar levels over that period.

A1C Results and What They Mean:

A1C Level (%) Diagnosis

Below 5.7 Normal
5.7 - 6.4 Prediabetes
6.5 or higher Diabetes

Why is it important?

• It provides a long-term view of blood sugar control, unlike daily glucose tests that only show a snapshot.
• For people with diabetes, the goal is typically to keep A1C levels below 7% to reduce the risk of complications.

Things to note:

• Certain conditions like anemia, kidney disease, or blood disorders can affect the accuracy of the test.
• No fasting is required for the A1C test, making it convenient for patients.

For more details, consult your healthcare provider.