what does a1c means

The A1C test, also known as the hemoglobin A1C or HbA1c test, is a blood test that measures your average blood sugar levels over the past 2 to 3 months. It is commonly used to diagnose prediabetes and diabetes, as well as to monitor how well you are managing your condition if you already have diabetes.

How It Works:

• Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. When sugar enters your bloodstream, it attaches to hemoglobin.
• The A1C test measures the percentage of your red blood cells that have sugar-coated hemoglobin.
• Since red blood cells regenerate every 3 months, the test provides a long-term view of your blood sugar levels.

A1C Ranges:

• Normal: Below 5.7%
• Prediabetes: 5.7% to 6.4%
• Diabetes: 6.5% or above

Why It’s Important:

• It helps in diagnosing diabetes and prediabetes.
• It provides a more comprehensive picture of blood sugar control compared to daily glucose tests.
• It is a key tool in managing diabetes and reducing the risk of complications.

For more detailed information, you can visit the CDC's A1C Test page.