what does an a1c test show

The A1C test, also known as the hemoglobin A1C or HbA1c test, measures your average blood sugar levels over the past 2 to 3 months. Here’s what it shows:

• Average Blood Sugar Levels: Unlike daily blood sugar tests, which provide a snapshot of your glucose level at a single point in time, the A1C test gives a broader picture of your blood sugar control over time.
• Diagnosis of Diabetes and Prediabetes: The test is used to diagnose prediabetes and diabetes. The results are reported as a percentage:
  • Normal: Below 5.7%
  • Prediabetes: 5.7% to 6.4%
  • Diabetes: 6.5% or above
• Diabetes Management: For people with diabetes, the A1C test helps monitor how well their treatment plan is working. The goal for most adults with diabetes is to keep their A1C level below 7%.

How It Works

• The test measures the percentage of your red blood cells that have sugar-coated hemoglobin. Since red blood cells regenerate every 3 months, the A1C test reflects your blood sugar levels over that period.

Important Notes

• The A1C test does not replace daily blood sugar monitoring but complements it by providing a long-term view of glucose control.
• Certain conditions, like anemia or kidney disease, can affect the accuracy of the A1C test. Always discuss your results with your healthcare provider.