what is a a1c test

The A1C test, also known as the hemoglobin A1C or HbA1c test, is a blood test that measures your average blood sugar levels over the past 2 to 3 months. It is commonly used to diagnose prediabetes and diabetes, as well as to monitor how well you are managing your condition if you already have diabetes.

How Does It Work?

• The test measures the percentage of your red blood cells that have sugar-coated hemoglobin.
• Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. When sugar enters your bloodstream, it attaches to hemoglobin.
• The higher your blood sugar levels, the more sugar-coated hemoglobin you will have.

A1C Results and What They Mean

• Normal: Below 5.7%
• Prediabetes: 5.7% to 6.4%
• Diabetes: 6.5% or above

Why Is It Important?

• The A1C test provides a long-term view of your blood sugar levels, unlike daily blood sugar checks, which only show a snapshot of your levels at a single point in time.
• It helps healthcare providers determine if your diabetes management plan is working effectively.

For more detailed information, you can refer to the CDC's guide on A1C testing.