how does a1c measure 3 months

The A1C test measures your average blood sugar levels over the past 3 months by analyzing the percentage of hemoglobin in your red blood cells that has glucose attached to it. Here’s how it works:

• Hemoglobin and Glucose Binding: When glucose enters your bloodstream, it attaches to hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells. The more glucose in your blood, the more hemoglobin gets coated with sugar.
• Red Blood Cell Lifespan: Red blood cells regenerate approximately every 3 months. The A1C test captures the average blood sugar levels over this period because it reflects the lifespan of these cells.
• Percentage Measurement: The test results are given as a percentage, indicating the proportion of hemoglobin that is glycated (has glucose attached).

For example, an A1C of 6% means that 6% of your hemoglobin is glycated, reflecting your average blood sugar levels over the past 3 months.