how does a1c measure over 3 months

The A1C test measures your average blood sugar levels over the past 3 months by analyzing the percentage of hemoglobin in your red blood cells that has glucose attached to it. Here's how it works:

• Hemoglobin and Glucose Binding: When sugar enters your bloodstream, it attaches to hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells. The more glucose in your blood, the more hemoglobin gets coated with sugar.
• Red Blood Cell Lifespan: Red blood cells regenerate approximately every 3 months. The A1C test captures the average blood sugar levels over this period by measuring the percentage of glycated hemoglobin (hemoglobin with glucose attached).
• A1C Percentage: The result is reported as a percentage. For example, an A1C of 6% means that 6% of your hemoglobin is glycated.

This test provides a long-term view of blood sugar control, unlike daily glucose checks, which only show a snapshot of your blood sugar at a specific moment.