what is alc test

The A1C test, also known as the hemoglobin A1C or HbA1c test, is a blood test used to measure your average blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months. It is commonly used to diagnose prediabetes and diabetes, as well as to monitor how well you are managing your condition if you have diabetes.

How does it work?

• The test measures the percentage of your red blood cells that have sugar-coated hemoglobin.
• Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. When glucose enters your bloodstream, it attaches to hemoglobin.
• The higher your blood sugar levels, the more glucose attaches to hemoglobin.
• Red blood cells regenerate every 3 months, so the A1C test reflects your average blood sugar over that period.

A1C Results and What They Mean:

A1C Level Diagnosis

Below 5.7% Normal 5.7% - 6.4% Prediabetes 6.5% or higher Diabetes

Why is it important?

• It provides a long-term view of blood sugar control, unlike daily glucose tests, which only show a snapshot.
• It helps healthcare providers adjust treatment plans for diabetes management.

Things to know:

• No fasting is required for the A1C test.
• Certain conditions, like anemia or kidney disease, can affect the accuracy of the test.

For more details, consult your healthcare provider or visit CDC's A1C Test Page.