what does a1c test measure

The A1C test (also known as the hemoglobin A1C or HbA1c test) measures your average blood sugar levels over the past 2 to 3 months. Here’s how it works:

• Hemoglobin: A protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen.
• Glucose Attachment: When sugar enters your bloodstream, it attaches to hemoglobin.
• Measurement: The A1C test calculates the percentage of your red blood cells that have sugar-coated hemoglobin.

This test is used to:

• Diagnose prediabetes and diabetes.
• Monitor how well your diabetes is being managed over time.

For example:

A1C Level Diagnosis

Below 5.7% Normal
5.7%–6.4% Prediabetes
6.5% or above Diabetes

It’s a valuable tool for understanding long-term blood sugar control, but it doesn’t replace daily blood sugar monitoring.