what does an a1c test measure

The A1C test, also known as the hemoglobin A1C or HbA1c test, measures your average blood sugar (glucose) levels over the past 2 to 3 months. Here's how it works:

• Hemoglobin and Glucose: When sugar enters your bloodstream, it attaches to hemoglobin, a protein in your red blood cells.
• Glycated Hemoglobin: The A1C test measures the percentage of your red blood cells that have sugar-coated hemoglobin.
• Time Frame: Since red blood cells regenerate roughly every 3 months, the A1C test provides a long-term view of your blood sugar levels.

Key Points:

• Normal: Below 5.7%
• Prediabetes: 5.7% to 6.4%
• Diabetes: 6.5% or above

The A1C test is a crucial tool for diagnosing prediabetes and diabetes, as well as monitoring how well your diabetes is being managed over time.