what hemoglobin a1c means

Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) is a blood test that measures your average blood sugar levels over the past 2 to 3 months. It is commonly used to diagnose and monitor diabetes and prediabetes. Here’s how it works:

• What it measures: The test measures the percentage of your red blood cells that have sugar-coated hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen.
• Why it’s important: Unlike daily blood sugar tests, which provide a snapshot of your glucose levels at a single point in time, the A1C test gives a broader picture of your blood sugar control over time.
• Normal ranges:
  • Normal: Below 5.7%
  • Prediabetes: 5.7% to 6.4%
  • Diabetes: 6.5% or above

This test is crucial for managing diabetes and preventing complications. If your A1C levels are high, your doctor may recommend lifestyle changes or medications to help control your blood sugar.