what is hemoglobin a1c mean

Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) is a blood test that measures your average blood sugar levels over the past 2 to 3 months. It is commonly used to diagnose and monitor diabetes and prediabetes. Here’s how it works:

• What it measures: The test measures the percentage of your red blood cells that have sugar-coated hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a protein in your red blood cells that carries oxygen.
• Why it’s important: Unlike daily blood sugar tests, which provide a snapshot of your glucose levels at a single point in time, the A1C test gives a broader picture of your blood sugar control over time.
• Normal ranges:
  • Normal: Below 5.7%
  • Prediabetes: 5.7% to 6.4%
  • Diabetes: 6.5% or above

This test is a key tool in managing diabetes and assessing the risk of complications.