what is hemoglobin a1c in blood work

Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) is a blood test that measures your average blood sugar (glucose) levels over the past 2 to 3 months. It is commonly used to diagnose and monitor diabetes and prediabetes.

How It Works:

• Hemoglobin: A protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen.
• Glucose Attachment: When sugar enters your bloodstream, it attaches to hemoglobin. The more glucose in your blood, the more it attaches to hemoglobin.
• Measurement: The A1C test measures the percentage of hemoglobin that is coated with sugar (glycated hemoglobin).

A1C Ranges:

A1C Level Diagnosis

Below 5.7% Normal 5.7% - 6.4% Prediabetes 6.5% or higher Diabetes

Why It's Important:

• Diagnosis: Helps identify prediabetes or diabetes.
• Monitoring: Tracks how well your diabetes is managed over time.
• Goal: For most people with diabetes, the target A1C is below 7%.

Factors Affecting Accuracy:

Certain conditions like anemia, kidney disease, or blood disorders can affect A1C results. Always consult your healthcare provider for accurate interpretation.